Compare and Contrast a Technical Approach to Innovation

Innovation has traditionally been seen as technical issue concerned only with machinery and systems. Compare and contrast this technical approach to innovation with the more knowledge-centred approaches discussed on this course. Your answer should draw upon case study evidence to critically assess the value of the two approaches. Innovation is a key element of modern business. In a world full of modern industrialised nations it is essential for big business to innovate. Ed Rhodes and David Wield identify innovation as; the implementation of new technologies (Rhodes, E, 1994, page 79) for a firm to rise above its adversaries and create brand loyalty innovation is key. There are two fields of innovation, Ed Rhodes highlighted†¦show more content†¦Innovation follows science (Chris Land, 2006, Lecture 2) scientific discoveries since the spinning jenny in the industrial revolution have changed the way our industries operate. There are many fields of science; the typical view of science is technological, biological, chemical, and physically orientated; i.e. science is tangible and therefore the widely known view of innovations relates to these tangible sciences; dyson vacuum cleaners, the spinning jenny; both technological innovations. Today, there are intangible sciences such as the science of Managem ent, where new theories and innovations on how to motivate the workforce, organise strategies, market strategies and the management of strategic core competencies have revolutionised the industry. Knowledge innovation is creativity and logic put to strategies of how to go about doing things, opposed to technical innovation as creativity and logic put to the research and development of a new product. James Dyson said about innovation, It s the unlikely juxtaposition of creativity and logic which causes the wooliness and confusion around the term innovation . (James Dyson, Ingenia, Issue 24, 2005, page 32) (Chris Land, 2006, Lecture 2) To what does knowledge innovation refer to? There are two perspectives as to how to perceive knowledge; structuralist and processShow MoreRelatedComparing The Silicon Valley And Berlin Startup Scene943 Words   |  4 Pagesexisting technologies can longer compete with the long-term effectiveness of pure technical innovation abroad. As a result, this has led to birth of a nascent startup culture within the heart Germany since young German citizens have begun to excitedly take on reins of entrepreneurship and venture capitalism. Implementing my experiences from the two weeks spent in the European Union, I would like to compare and contrast the nascent startup scene developing in Berlin with the established startup cultureRead MoreUnderstand the Relationship Between Organizational Structure and Culture.1385 Words   |  6 Pagesdifferent approaches to management and leadership Your report should consider: (Assessment criteria) LO: 1 1.1 compares and contrast different organization al structures and culture 1.2 explain how the relationship between an organization’s structure and culture can impact on the performance of the business 1.3 discuss the factors which influence individual behavior at work LO2: 2.1 compare the effectiveness of different leadership styles in different organizations 2.2 explain how organizational theoryRead MoreSocial Order in Public Spaces: Buchanan and Monderman`s Approaches1649 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿1 TMA04 Word count 1472. 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Therefore, diverse strategies are adopted by most firms to discover and meet the needs and desires of its customers (Jobber Fahy, 2009). Marketing orientationRead MoreIt Governance And Management Organizations Essay1673 Words   |  7 Pagesindustry, for example, organizations that have a reputation for being effective over decades, and organizations that have demonstrated exceptional ITinnovation. The studies suggest that organizations that aspire to high levels of effectiveness and innovation in their application of IT must take steps to ensure that the core capacity of the organization to achieve such effectiveness is developed. Factors Increasing the Value of IT Investments Weill and Broadbent studied firms that Consistently achieveRead MoreChange Implementation Plan And Milestone Update1363 Words   |  6 Pagessales team region, who will work with her to develop better question in order to drive innovation. Dates are set for a series of discovery sessions in combination with key clients and target prospective clients. These sessions are set for one week after Zoe returns from her training, which is eight days beyond projected software integration and commissioning. There is a lot of new energy and optimism; a stark contrast from the doom and gloom pessimism just a month ago. We still have some who look toRead MoreQuality, Flexibility And Business Value Of Software Solutions1398 Words   |  6 Pagesplagued software development and service delivery activities in the IT industry – including budget overruns, missed deadlines, low-quality outputs, and dissatisfied users. It is an iterative approach t o software development that builds software incrementally from the start of the project, unlike waterfall approach of trying to deliver it all at once near the end. It works by breaking projects down into little bits of user functionality called user stories prioritizing them, and then continuously deliveringRead MoreDifferences Between Organizational Structures And Cultures1419 Words   |  6 PagesTask one – Compare and contrast organisational structures and cultures For any organisation type, such as Sole trader, Partnership, Public sector, Limited and Public limited organisation, there are organisational cultures and structures associated with them. A formal organisational structure is deliberately constructed to fulfill specific goals: Objective of organisation structure Reason To co-ordinate the objectives and activities of separate units So that overall aims are achieved without gapsRead MoreSelect Two Leadership Strategies And Theories2810 Words   |  12 PagesLeadership paper COVER padge For the paper, you are to select two leadership strategies/theories/models to compare and contrast as to why they would or would not be representative of effective leadership in the face of organizational change Opening para about leadership â€Å"Leadership- The process of influencing others to accomplish a mission by providing purpose, direction, and motivation.†- FM 22-100 Leadership is a dynamic process that calls for constant adaptation in order to be effectiveRead MoreEssay on Two Leaders S. Jobs and R. Branson3082 Words   |  13 Pagesteam based structures (Mind Tools Ltd 2013). * Steve Jobs and Sir Richard Branson both applied similar approach of being a transformational leader and valued factors such as quality and innovation for creating a successful and sustainable business. * Steve Jobs Late CEO of Apple Company was an autocratic and transactional leader. He was having excellent communication and technical skills for applying it to new technologies but he lacked interpersonal skills with him. * Richard Branson

Is Safety Something We Should Sacrifice Privacy For Our...

Is safety something we should sacrifice privacy for in our lives? In this essay I will discuss if this is a moral issue, what makes engineers information more private than others, what national and state laws say about this issue and whether they are right, and what ethical theories you could use to solve this question. Safety of our country is important, but there is a fine line in this country, and particularly in the work place, between safety and privacy. I believe that engineering companies should not be allowed to go through employees’ messages or emails. First, lets examine why this is a moral issue. The Webster dictionary defines moral as â€Å"concerning or relating to what is right and wrong in human behavior† (1). Whether employers of engineers should be able to read messages or emails of their employees is a moral decision. For the employers to read the emails of their employees can be seen as either right or wrong. People who see it right would say that the employees are employed by the employers, meaning that their emails or messages technically belong to the employers and they have the right to go through them. Other individuals including myself would say that the employers are invading the privacy of their employees, and the employees are not obligated by the company to have their privacy infringed upon. The constitution of the United States of America states that all citizens have the freedom of speech, press, religion, and assembly. This means that employees ofShow MoreRelatedShould The Government Have A Right? Essay1082 Words   |  5 PagesShould the governme nt have a right to demand a backdoor to unlock iPhones? People who are advocates of the government having a backdoor to unlock iPhones believe that this act will help reduce crime in society. Apple is one of the most widespread and frequently used brands in today’s society. 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Religion is taught in schools and promoted by

Admission to Physical Therapy Graduate Program Free Essays

In all aspects of my life, perhaps the most significant inspiration that has shaped my life becoming the person I am today and gave me direction is experience itself who has taught me well. I had a tough childhood with my parents and my first marriage was unsuccessful. However, the outcome made me a stronger, more responsible and compassionate individual developing a heart for others in need. We will write a custom essay sample on Admission to Physical Therapy Graduate Program or any similar topic only for you Order Now My loving and forgiving grandmother imparted to me values that have served as my guiding principles through the years. I always give my best in everything I do no matter how insignificant that may be. I believe in the saying do unto others as you would have them do unto you because true happiness to me is caring for others. This is the very reason why I worked so hard to complete my education by all means despite many obstacles so that I could be of great service to many when I finished my graduate program. Pursuing my college education was quite a struggle. I have to joggle raising two boys and studies as well as financial resources. As a stay-home mother, I took initiatives to continue schooling whether on-line or on-site at Mountain State University and Chattahoochee Technical College maintaining very high marks. Due to lack of funds, I stopped during the fall of 2005 until April 2006. With much dedication, I moved on with my studies in May 2006. I thought then that it was impossible but I did it because I was determined, committed and focused. Currently, I am senior at Charter Oak State College finishing my undergraduate studies with a 3.90 GPA at the same time doing my required 80-hour observation. Besides my family, realizing my education would be my other great accomplishment more so when I graduate from this program. I am motivated to undertake this study because I believe that this is a good foundation to sharpen not only my intellectual purpose but my capabilities that will propel me to more achievements in life and a career in physical therapy. Ever since growing up I have uncovered my desire to help others probably because I have an outgoing personality. When I started college, I wanted to be psychologist. However, I have a neck problem that needed to be addressed through physical therapy. During my treatment, I just fell in love with whole process and like what I saw. The therapist was truly concerned about my pain and tried to make me strong and healthy again. There were these exercise equipment that help the patients strengthen their weak areas. Fitness and health are part of me. I play golf once a week at the same time goes fishing, horseback riding and hiking. I joined the Country Music Marathon last April with a time of four hours and three minutes, which landed me at the top 7% overall and top 3% in the women’s. I feel that I am a healthy person and could promote the benefits of nutrition and exercise to a lot of people. There is a shortage of physical therapist. I believe I would make a great therapist. While searching for a graduate school that would meet my goals, I was excited to find the holistic approach of Alabama State University in Montgomery to physical therapy. I have devoted my undergraduate studies to prepare for this so that I can finally practice what I have learned. By adopting the tools and methods the university will provide, I can correctly interpret the theories and practices of physical therapy that are both insightful and sound. After graduation, I intend to pursue this career either in government or private to support my family and help those in need of physical rehabilitation making sure they get the necessary care and attention. When I gained enough knowledge and experience, I plan to set up my own therapy sessions at home during my free time to serve nearby patients. Though school may be over, I will still continue educating myself through research on-line to further expand my knowledge. I really enjoy what I do because I want to be a good example to my children and hopefully give them better education. All the hardships are nothing if you love your family. Reference Alabama State University, Montgomery. (2006). Physical Therapy. Heath Sciences. Retrieve August 15, 2006, from http://www.alasu.edu/Health_Sciences/default.aspx?id=16 How to cite Admission to Physical Therapy Graduate Program, Essays

Nursing Standard- Preventing Falls And Harm From Falls - Samples

Question: Discuss about the Literature Review On Nursing Standard- Preventing Falls And Harm From Falls. Answer: Introduction Falls among older people is the public health concern. It is the major cause of accidents and injury in the hospital setting and consequently longer length of stay, poor health outcomes and readmission (Gu, Balcaen, Ampe Goffin, 2016; Kami?ska, Brodowski Karakiewicz, 2015 and Said, Batchelor, Shaw, Blennerhassett, 2016). The Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care (ACSQHC) funded the guidelines to improve the care quality given to older people in Australia. These are designed to guide the health care professionals. It introduced the National Safety and Quality Health Service Standards (NSQHS). The standard 10 focuses on preventing falls and harm from falls. It was designed in response to increasing rate of falls among the older people in hospital setting (Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care, 2012). The literature review aims to the identify the causes of the fall among older people (65-85 years) and the interventions used to prevent falls. Background Fall prevention has always been challenging for the health care providers. It is attributed to lack of understanding of the effective strategies to prevent fall among the health care providers, poor knowledge on environmental modifications, and risk identification (Lukaszyk et al., 2016; Lannering, Ernsth Bravell Johansson, 2017). Therefore, better understanding is needed to keep the older people in the hospital safe. The accidental falls could lead to disability, reduced life span and increased financial costs to healthcare. The standard 10 of NSQHS was developed to reduce falls through effective governance structures, risk screening, prevention strategies, and informing carers about identified risks from falls and development of fall prevention plan (Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care, 2012). The main aim of this standard developed in 2009 is to decrease the fall incidences, number of falls and associated harm using action research program. The guidelines s upport the carers for older people in hospital, community and in home care setting. Despite improvement, there is still a large proportion of older people in Australian hospital setting, highly vulnerable to falls. Therefore, the ACSQHC recommends high level of commitment from the carers for successful fall prevention (Lea et al., 2012). Literature review Based on analysis of various studies and the findings the falling themes were obtained. It includes - poor vision as risk factor, mobility limitations, interventions for fall preventions and environmental considerations. Risk factors- poor vision Poor vision and vision impairment is considered a major concern for fall in older adults. Studies have showed that old people with visual trouble or deficit are 1.5-2.0 times more likely to fall when compared to those without such deficit. Vision compromises the balance and posture according to Baril (2013). Lord Lacherez (2016) also supported that vision is highly important for gait and balance. It significantly impairs the locomotion. It consequently increases the risk of fall. Increasing the vision was found to reduce the risk of fall argued Ellison, Campbell, Robertson, Sanderson (2014). Multi-focal and bifocal glasses hamper the contrast sensitivity and depth perception among older adults which results in multiple falls. Frequently updating glasses may be more beneficial. The argument is supported with the findings of Chua, Chang, Lim (2015) that presented the vision-based fall detection technique. This technique has increased the fall detection rate. The limitations are due to excess focus on intervention technique than on the relationship between vision and fall. Mobility limitations The prominent predictor of falling is the component reduced mobility. Mobility limitations are of particular concern in older people attributed to foot pain as per Stenhagen, Ekstrm, Nordell Elmsthl (2013). It affects the activities of daily living. The findings were in consistence with results of Menz et al. (2013). It argued association between foot pain and exacerbation of problems with gait and balance. Therefore, it significantly limits the balance. These studies focused on relationship between the falls and slow walking speed in elderly. As per the results of Callisaya et al. (2012), high rate of multiple falls was found in those walking fast with fastest quarter of gait speed. Stubbs, Schofield Patchay (2016) argued that the fall risk is associated with the mobility limitations among adults other than that caused by disability and frailty. It is the most common factor in the patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain. The results were supported by the findings of Swenor et a l. (2015). It revealed a positive association between the mobility limitations and visual impairment among the older people. According to the findings, multiple aspects of visual impairment contribute to the mobility limitations which results in functional decline. Interventions for fall prevention The intervention methods have been further divided into a number of effective strategies. Some of which have been discussed over here such as i. Provision of single interventions or exercises, ii. Combination of two or more tailored interventions, such exercise and home hazard modification or home hazard and medications modification, iii. Multiple component interventions where an individual receives exercise, home hazard modification and administration of vitamin D supplements. As supported by El-Khoury, Cassou, Charles Dargent-Molina (2013), single interventions have been more effective in reducing the rate of accidental falls. However as argued by Miake-Lye, Hempel, Ganz Shekelle (2013), combining of the intervention methods is found to be more intuitive and is comparatively less effective. However, as argued by Campbell Robertson (2013), multi-factorial interventions with individually tailored approach has been seen to reduce the rate of fall in the elderly. On the other hand, there has been limited evaluation of multi-factorial fall prevention programmes owing to the variety and diverse nature of the combination intervention methods (Campbell Robertson, 2013; Carande-Kulis et al., 2015; Robertson Gillespie, 2013). However, as argued by Campbell Robertson (2013), the fall intervention programs have been seen to suffer from greater amount of resistance due to several psychosocial factors. As supported by Hempel et al. (2013), the dependence over care supporters and care providers have been seen to led to greater amount of frustrations in the aged community. On the contrary, the care supporter limits the freedom of movement of the patients owing to safety concerns. This often leads to the development of ethical dilemmas within a healthcare setup. As argued by Child et al. (2012), intervention methods are required to reduce the extent of injury caused due to the fall by making the bones stronger. Evidences have supported that supplementing the patients wi th appropriate doses of vitamin D have been seen to make the bones stronger and reduce the level of damage caused from the fall (Practitioners, 2018; El-Khoury et al., 2013; Goodwin et al., 2013). Environmental considerations The environmental considerations refer to analysing the home environment of a patient which can trigger the rate of fall. The environmental hazards such as slipping and tripping over can happen within the home, in the garden, away from the home. As supported by Hempel et al. (2013), modification of home hazards by an occupational therapist cam reduces the rate of fall. In this respect, the risk population consists of the ones with a history of falling, the ones who had fallen more than once, the ones with functional decline and vision impairment. However, as argued by Practitioners (2018), the success rates of the implementation of home safety measures are dependent on the extent to which people actually follow the recommendations provided by the occupational therapists. As mentioned by Goodwin et al. (2014), inclusion of environmental risk factor screening in multi-factorial fall prevention programs have been fruitful in reducing the rate of fall. Meta regression analysis depicted t hat single and multi-factorial both intervention approaches were effective. It was seen that the multi-factorial fall prevention program gave improved results with the inculcation of the environmental risk screening. In this respect, using a number of tools such as the Westmead Home Safety Assessment has been seen to be effective in conducting a review of the home and outdoors environment. The tool has been found to be useful in identification of the hazards, design the solution and develop an effective action plan. However, as argued by Robertson Gillespie (2013), the environmental factors also fails to take into consideration the cognitive abilities and normal thinking capacity of the patient. In the dearth of effective decision making skills, the interests of the patient can conflict with that of the occupational therapists which further acts a hindrance (Miake-Lye et al., 2013; Hempel et al., 2013; Child et al., 2012). Some of the environmental factors which could be modified f or reducing the risk of fall in the patients are- reducing the glare of lights, modifying slippery floors, removing loose carpets, fixing of uneven pathways. However, in order to implement the changes support from the family members of the patient is required along with vesting sufficient amount of finances for the same (Practitioners, 2018). As argued by Carande-Kulis et al. (2015), modification of the environment can further increase the agitation level of the older people by making them uncomfortable as they used to their home environment in a certain way. Additionally, the multidisciplinary involvement required for environmental screening may not be possible within the rural settings. The average cost of implementing the home safety program was A$325 which could not be easily afforded and thus acted as a hindrance (Practitioners, 2018). Patient centered care As supported by Goodwin et al. (2014), exercise, patient education and home safety medications have been seen to contribute significantly to fall prevention. However as argued by Campbell Robertson (2013), limited mobility has been seen to affect the rate of acceptance of care provided to the elderly patients. It was unwise to think that most of the elderly had sufficient finances to finance a full time fall management program (Robertson Gillespie, 2013). It calls for understanding the patient centered fall risk awareness of perspective of patients. Verghese (2016) argued subjective fall risk perceptions of patients should be considered for fall prevention strategies. Fall rate may be reduced in acute care hospitals, by patient centered care along with tailored patient education as per Avanecean et al. (2017). However, there is limited evidence supporting the efficacy of patient centered care. There is a need of randomised trial for estimating the efficacy in robust manner. Relevance to clinical practice The literature review helps in understanding the importance of designing of effective evidence based programs for reducing the rate of fall in the elderly. However as supported by Miake-Lye et al. (2013), there are a number of factors which act as barriers to the implementation of the evidence based fall prevention strategies within the hospital premises. Some of the barriers are limited finances and reduced access to support and intervention tools. Lack of help from expert care channels have been seen to limit the benefits provided by the evidence based fall intervention programs (Robertson Gillespie, 2013). Vision impairment is considered one of the major risk factors which are missed by nurses during assessment of fall risks. Mobility limitations are the other cause that is poorly identified among the nurses as the concern for fall. Most cases the nurses perceive that the disability and fragility are the major cause of mobility limitations as per Crizzle et al., (2015). Screenin g of environment is neglected in rural hospitals and modification of household environment is rarely considered as part of fall prevention in some hospitals. Factors like foot pain and walking speed are not taken into consideration for care plan. Similarly, interventions by nurses are more focused on single aspect. Multi-focused interventions and patient centered care are neglected although found to be most effective in reducing fall and is supported by Pfortmueller et al., (2014). These barriers and limitations result in increasing falls. It could be ascertained from the review that the intuitive nature of designing the combinatorial evidence based fall prevention programs makes the success of the program rather questionable in nature. Conclusion Falls among older people in hospital are associated with secondary complications. However, in most cases these are easily preventable. It is an attractive target to lower the health care costs by increasing the care quality. Nurses play a vital role in fall prevention and must be well trained. The nurses must be able to recognise the patients with poor vision at risk of fall, environmental barriers and mobility limitations due to varied reasons other than disability. Nurses are implied to assess the benefits of different fall prevention strategies such as multi-focused interventions and patient centered care. It is the best way to cultivate the culture of safety in the hospital setting. It will eventually help in systemic reduction of falls. The nurses must be given the autonomy to implement the best possible strategy. Additionally, providing thenursing professionals with adequate amount of training can help in improving the quality of care. References Avanecean, D., Calliste, D., Contreras, T., Lim, Y., Fitzpatrick, A. (2017). Effectiveness of patient-centered interventions on falls in the acute care setting compared to usual care: a systematic review.JBI database of systematic reviews and implementation reports,15(12), 3006-3048. DOI: 10.11124/JBISRIR-2016-003331 Baril, F. (2013). Prevention of falls among seniors with a visual impairment. Retrieved from: https://www.inlb.qc.ca/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/Prevention-of-falls-among-seniors-with-VI-Final.pdf Callisaya, M. L., Blizzard, L., McGinley, J. L., Srikanth, V. K. (2012). Risk of falls in older people during fast-walkingthe TASCOG study.Gait posture,36(3), 510-515. DOI: DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2012.05.003 Campbell, A. J., Robertson, M. C. (2013). Fall prevention: single or multiple interventions? Single interventions for fall prevention.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society,61(2), 281-284. Retrieved from: https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.12095_2 Carande-Kulis, V., Stevens, J. A., Florence, C. S., Beattie, B. L., Arias, I. (2015). A costbenefit analysis of three older adult fall prevention interventions.Journal of safety research,52, 65-70. Retrieved from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsr.2014.12.007 Child, S., Goodwin, V., Garside, R., Jones-Hughes, T., Boddy, K., Stein, K. (2012). Factors influencing the implementation of fall-prevention programmes: a systematic review and synthesis of qualitative studies.Implementation Science?: IS,7, 91. Retrieved from: https://doi.org/10.1186/1748-5908-7-91 Chua, J. L., Chang, Y. C., Lim, W. K. (2015). A simple vision-based fall detection technique for indoor video surveillance.Signal, Image and Video Processing,9(3), 623-633. Retrieved from: https://sci-hub.tw/https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11760-013-0493-7 Crizzle, A. M., Myers, A. M., Roy, E. A., Almeida, Q. J. (2015). Associations between falls, balance confidence, driving speed, braking, and other driving practices in Parkinson's disease.Physical Occupational Therapy In Geriatrics,33(1), 72-86. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3109/02703181.2014.991057 El-Khoury, F., Cassou, B., Charles, M. A., Dargent-Molina, P. (2013). The effect of fall prevention exercise programmes on fall induced injuries in community dwelling older adults: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.BMj,347, f6234. doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.f6234 Ellison, A. C., Campbell, A. J., Robertson, M. C., Sanderson, G. F. (2014). Prismatic displacement effect of progressive multifocal glasses on reaction time and accuracy in elderly people.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, NZ),8, 891. DOI: 10.2147/OPTH.S58193 Goodwin, V. A., Abbott, R. A., Whear, R., Bethel, A., Ukoumunne, O. C., Thompson-Coon, J., Stein, K. (2014). Multiple component interventions for preventing falls and fall-related injuries among older people: systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC Geriatrics,14, 15. Retrieved from: https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2318-14-15 Gu, Y. Y., Balcaen, K., Ni, Y., Ampe, J., Goffin, J. (2016). Review on prevention of falls in hospital settings.ChineseNursing Research,3(1), 7-10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cnre.2015.11.002 Hempel, S., Newberry, S., Wang, Z., Booth, M., Shanman, R., Johnsen, B., ... Ganz, D. A. (2013). Hospital fall prevention: a systematic review of implementation, components, adherence, and effectiveness.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society,61(4), 483-494. Retrieved from: https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.12169 Kami?ska, M. S., Brodowski, J., Karakiewicz, B. (2015). Fall risk factors in community-dwelling elderly depending on their physical function, cognitive status and symptoms of depression.International journal of environmental research and public health,12(4), 3406-3416. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph120403406 Lannering, C., Ernsth Bravell, M., Johansson, L. (2017). Prevention of falls, malnutrition and pressure ulcers among older personsnursing staff's experiences of a structured preventive care process.Health social care in the community,25(3), 1011-1020. 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